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Communication Issues

Good communication is essential to any ongoing, functional relationship. For a couple with cultural, and especially native language differences, effective communication is generally more challenging than it would be if you had similar backgrounds.

It is important that you realize you will have to work harder at this aspect of your marriage than people in like-cultured unions. Here are some strategies for achieving more effective communication across cultural/language barriers:

1- Don’t discuss important matters by phone (if there are native language differences). Misunderstandings happen much more frequently over the telephone than they do in person; body language and other cues are not there to assist you in interpreting what the other person is saying. This is not to say that you should never communicate via phone… that would be ridiculous. It is to say that if you really need to discuss an important topic, it may be better to have your conversation in person.

2. Be open and willing to tell your partner if you are not understanding what he/she is trying to say. I cannot tell you how many times problems have come up in my marriage because we haven’t done this. In those situations, if one or both of us had been more assertive and asked for clarification, we could have avoided huge misunderstandings. Good communciation techniques , such as restating what you heard, can be very helpful here.

3. Lose the knee jerk reactions. There have been many times my husband and I have become extremely offended by each other, and in the end, it really all boiled down to cultural/language differences. Words hold different weight and meaning inside different cultures and languages. If your partner says something that is deeply offensive to you, it is important to understand the intent of the comment. It is also important to understand the meaning within the context of their culture. It requires self control and discipline to step back when you have been offended to sort these things out, instead of giving in to your instant reaction.

4. Don’t play stupid when it comes to language differences. Don’t try to get out of doing something by pretending you did not understand your partner. This is highly annoying and will not be appreciated when your significant other catches on to your deceit!

As stated in #3, if you truly do not understand what your partner is saying, be honest, and communicate about it. Don’t use language issues to manipulate the situation.

5. Learn as much as you can about the native language of your partner. Learn to speak the language if you have the opportunity. I feel somewhat hypocritical making this suggestion, as I have been married for 6 years and still don’t speak Spanish fluently. I am familiar with many words and phrases. I have spent enough time listening to my husband speak spanish to others that I am often able to understand what he is talking about. But I have not yet taken the time or made the effort to actually become fluent in the language. This is a future goal of mine.

6. Learn as much as you can about the cultural context of language pertaining to your partner. Understand that words embedded in the culture of one country often have no precise equivalents in the language of another.

The anthropologist Edward Hall points out: “No two languages are alike; some are so dissimilar that they force the speaker into two different images of reality.” For an American, the word “lunch” may suggest a ham and cheese sandwich and a diet coke, while for a Russian, “obed” points to a salad, soup, meat, fried potatoes, and dessert. It takes a knowledge of both language and culture to provide an accurate reflection of the true meaning behind the words.

As the Japanese say, you have to understand not only the words, but also the silence between them (obtained from Russian=English Translating Services).

6. If you do not speak the same native language, the way you likely communicate is because you or your partner has learned the native language of the other. In my case, my husband learned English (before we met), but Spanish is native to him. He has a thick accent, and he makes some grammatical errors. If you or your partner learned the second language past childhood, this is probably the case for you/them as well.

It is essential that you treat your partner with dignity. This is especially true when he/she doesn’t speak your common language perfectly. It is important to establish guidelines that you both feel comfortable with when it comes to correcting your partner. This is a highly sensitive issue that requires intuition and good timing. You should always aim to treat your spouse with the highest degree of respect, and never humiliate because of language difficulties.

Conclusion:

Effective communication is essential to any ongoing, functional relationship, regardless of race or culture. As a couple with cultural, and especially native language differences, communication issues will generally present unique challenges to your relationship. Being aware of this and taking steps to reduce the negative impact is essential in building a successful relationship.

The information given in this article is not exhaustive. Please feel free to leave comments with your own experience and advice on this topic.

Don’t forget to check back soon for Part #3 of this series: “Disapproval of Others”.

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*Just a note that I use the words “relationship” and “marriage” interchangeably. This works within my paradigm, but you can replace the word marriage with relationship where applicable if marriage is not part of the picture for you.